The firearms of interest here have in common the use of a barrel, a frame and a breech mechanism. The breech mechanism is the device that closes the barrel in the opposite direction to the shot. We are not talking here about “locking” but about “closing”. The notion of “locking” will be explained later in this chapter. Primitively, the barrels were closed by a fixed breech when using the weapon. The loading of such weapons was carried out by muzzle. Weapons have evolved and are now mostly equipped with mobile breech mechanisms. We will see here through a detailed presentation the elements (called “main parts” in France) constituting a weapon: barrel, frame and breech mechanism. These elements are often those on which a numbering is affixed, although this practice can extend to other parts, especially on weapons where each parts need an adjustment.
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